Summer brings longer days, outdoor adventures and plenty of sunshine—but it also means greater exposure to ultraviolet (UV) rays. July marks UV Safety Month, a time to spotlight how UV rays can affect your health and to share actionable ways to stay safe under the sun. Whether you love basking at the beach, enjoy gardening or work outdoors, understanding UV safety is the key to protecting your skin and eyes all year round.
This blog lays out what UV radiation is, why it matters and how you can build sun-safe habits that benefit you and your loved ones.
What are UV rays?
UV rays are a form of invisible energy produced by the sun and some artificial sources like tanning beds. UV radiation comes in three forms, each affecting us differently. UVA rays penetrate deep into the skin and contribute to signs of aging, such as wrinkles and fine lines. UVB rays are responsible for damaging the outer layers of the skin, leading to sunburns and, over time, increasing the risk of skin cancer. Fortunately, UVC rays are absorbed by the earth’s atmosphere, so they do not reach the surface or pose a threat to our health. Understanding these differences underscore the importance of sun protection and helps us care for our skin and overall well-being.
How UV rays impact your health
While sunlight is known to uplift your mood and support the body in producing vitamin D, excessive exposure to ultraviolet (UV) rays carries important risks. UV radiation is the leading cause of most skin cancers, including melanoma, basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma. Prolonged exposure can also damage your eyes, increasing the likelihood of cataracts, macular degeneration and even temporary vision loss, a condition known as photokeratitis. Over time, UV rays also break down collagen and elastin in the skin, accelerating the appearance of fine lines, wrinkles, and sunspots. Additionally, too much sun can lead to sunburn and weaken your skin’s natural defenses, making you more vulnerable to infections. By being mindful of sun exposure and taking protective measures, you can enjoy its benefits while safeguarding your health.
Build a sun-safe routine
Celebrating UV Safety Month is about more than just slathering on sunscreen. Sun protection is a set of small, daily habits that add up to significant long-term benefits. You don’t need to give up the outdoors to stay protected. Here’s how you can make UV safety second nature:
Wear broad-spectrum sunscreen
For effective sun protection, always choose a sunscreen with an SPF of 30 or higher that provides broad-spectrum coverage against both UVA and UVB rays. Generously apply at least a shot glass–sized amount to all exposed skin about 15 minutes before heading outdoors and be sure not to miss commonly overlooked areas like your ears, the tops of your feet and the back of your neck. To maintain reliable protection, remember to reapply every two hours, or immediately after swimming or sweating.
Sport the right accessories
When spending time outdoors, it’s important to protect yourself from the sun’s harmful rays in ways that truly care for your long-term health. Start by choosing sunglasses labeled “100% UV protection” to shield your eyes effectively. Pair these with a wide-brimmed hat that covers your face, neck and ears, offering extra coverage where you need it most. Finally, opt for light yet tightly woven fabrics or consider special sun-protective clothing, which provides an added layer of defense while keeping you comfortable.
Seek out shade
To help protect yourself and your loved ones from the sun’s most intense rays, it’s best to limit direct sun exposure, especially between 10 a.m. and 4 p.m. when ultraviolet rays are at their strongest. Creating simple shade with umbrellas, pop-up tents or the shelter of leafy trees provides an easy and effective way to stay safe while still enjoying time outdoors.
Be mindful near water and sand
Many surfaces can reflect UV rays, increasing your exposure without you even realizing it. It’s important to remember that even on cool or cloudy days, up to 80% of UV rays can pass through clouds. This means that your skin is still at risk, even when the sun doesn’t feel strong or visible, making consistent protection essential for your health and well-being.
Consider Your Medications
It’s important to note that certain ingredients in medications can make your skin more prone to sun damage. Some medications, including antibiotics and acne treatments can increase your skin’s sensitivity to sunlight, raising your risk of sunburn. This is because these medications may cause a reaction with UV rays, leading to skin irritation or other allergic reactions. Therefore, it’s crucial to be aware of any potential side effects and take necessary precautions. To protect yourself, always check medication labels for sun sensitivity warnings or consult your healthcare provider if you’re unsure.
The UV Index
The UV Index predicts daily risk of overexposure to UV rays on a scale of 1 (low) to 11+ (extreme). On high UV Index days, protection is even more crucial. Use free weather apps or check local health reports for daily UV levels in your area.
How to read the UV Index
- Low (1-2): Minimal risk. Basic sun safety suffices.
- Moderate (3-5): Seek shade during midday, cover up, and use SPF 30+.
- High (6-7): Wear protective clothing, apply sunscreen often, and limit direct sun.
- Very High to Extreme (8-11+): Take all precautions. Exposure can cause damage quickly.
Preventing UV damage for all ages
Children and seniors are particularly vulnerable to UV damage. Kids have sensitive skin, so teaching sun safety early and can reduce risk. To help protect children from the risks of UV exposure, check the UV index before activities. Also be sure to dress little ones in protective hats, UV-blocking sunglasses and long sleeves whenever they’re outdoors. Babies under six months should always be kept out of direct sunlight for their safety. Make outdoor activities safer by planning regular “shade breaks” during playtime, giving everyone a chance to cool down and stay protected. It’s also important to remind teenagers that tanning beds emit harmful UV radiation and can have serious health effects.
Aging skin repairs more slowly and many medications can make older skin more sensitive to sun damage, so taking extra precautions is important. Encourage regular annual skin checks to catch any new or changing moles or spots early, ensuring peace of mind and ongoing health. When spending time outside gardening, walking or enjoying a gathering, wearing wide-brimmed hats and long sleeves adds an additional layer of protection.
Common myths about sun safety
“I have dark skin, so I don’t need sunscreen.”
Everyone, regardless of skin tone, is at risk from UV radiation. While melanin provides some protection, no one is immune to skin cancer.
“I only need sunscreen on sunny days.”
UV rays can penetrate clouds and windows. Make sun protection a routine, rain or shine.
“Sunscreen is waterproof.”
No sunscreen is completely waterproof. Always reapply after swimming, sweating, or towel-drying.
“Tanning beds are safer than the sun.”
Tanning beds emit both UVA and UVB rays at high intensity and increase your risk of skin cancer.
Recognizing and responding to signs of sun damage
Pay attention to unusual changes in your skin like:
- New moles or growths
- Changes in the size, color or texture of existing spots
- Persistent sores, redness, or swelling
See a dermatologist for annual skin checks and anytime you notice changes. Early detection is vital for successful treatment.
Maxim Healthcare provides a range of home health and personal care services. Contact your local office to learn more about Maxim’s services to get the support you need.
